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GISBanker

Data sources

What feeds every number in GISBanker, how current it is, and what to know before you cite it. The same sources back every figure in the app. How figures are calculated

17 sources · checked nightly for new releases

Sources

American Community Survey (5-year)

U.S. Census Bureau · API

  • ACS 5-year estimates and margins of error

    Population, income, poverty, education, housing, and employment estimates with their margins of error.

    • State
    • County
    • Place
    • Tract
    • Block group
    Covers
    2024 release (2020–2024) at every level; earlier releases for comparing change over time: 2018 and 2019 for states and counties, 2020–2023 for states, counties, and tracts
    Updates
    Annual (each release covers the prior five years)
  • Area median family income

    Median family income for metro areas, metropolitan divisions, and state non-metro areas — the benchmark for tract income levels.

    • Metro area
    • Metropolitan division
    • State non-metro
    Covers
    2023 and 2024 releases (from 2023 only — see caveats)
    Updates
    Annual

Know before you cite

  • A 5-year estimate is an average over five years, not a single-year snapshot.
  • Small-area figures can carry large margins of error; GISBanker flags low-reliability estimates.

Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Area Delineations

U.S. Office of Management and Budget (via Census Bureau) · bulk file

  • County to metro/micro area mapping

    Which counties make up each metropolitan and micropolitan statistical area and metropolitan division.

    • County
    Covers
    July 2023 delineation
    Updates
    Revised every few years

Know before you cite

  • Tract income levels are an approximation of FFIEC’s official designation, built on this delineation and ACS.

County Business Patterns

U.S. Census Bureau · API

  • Establishments, employment, and payroll

    Business establishments, mid-March employment, and payroll by industry sector and establishment size.

    • State
    • County
    Covers
    2017 onward
    Updates
    Annual, about 2 years after the reference year

Know before you cite

  • From 2017, employment and payroll are noise-infused estimates, not exact counts.
  • Covers private employers only.

Bureau of Labor Statistics

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · bulk file

  • Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS)

    Monthly county labor force, employment, unemployment, and unemployment rate.

    • County
    Covers
    2018 onward
    Updates
    Monthly; annual revisions each spring
  • Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW)

    Quarterly establishments, monthly employment, and total wages by industry sector, including government.

    • County
    Covers
    2018 Q1 onward
    Updates
    Quarterly, about 5–6 months after the quarter

Know before you cite

  • County unemployment is not seasonally adjusted.
  • October 2025 is missing for every county because of the 2025 lapse in federal appropriations.

Regional Economic Accounts

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis · bulk file

  • Personal income (CAINC1)

    Personal income, per-capita personal income, and population.

    • County
    Covers
    2018 onward
    Updates
    Annual, with revisions to prior years
  • GDP by county (CAGDP1)

    Real (chained dollars) and current-dollar gross domestic product, all industries.

    • County
    Covers
    2018 onward
    Updates
    Annual, with revisions to prior years

Know before you cite

  • Some Virginia independent cities are combined with their counties; combined figures are never shown as one county’s own value.
  • Connecticut county figures for 2018–2023 use the former counties and are not available on the current planning regions.

Fair Market Rents and Income Limits

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development · bulk file

  • Fair Market Rents

    Fair Market Rents by bedroom count (0–4).

    • HUD area
    • County
    Covers
    FY2018 onward
    Updates
    Annual (fiscal year)
  • Income Limits

    Area median family income and extremely low, very low, and low income limits by household size.

    • HUD area
    • County
    Covers
    FY2018 onward
    Updates
    Annual (fiscal year)

Know before you cite

  • Values are defined for HUD areas, not counties; in New England some counties are split across areas.

BankFind Suite: Summary of Deposits and Call Reports

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation · API

  • Summary of Deposits

    Every insured bank branch and its deposits as of June 30, placed in a census tract from its coordinates.

    • Branch
    • Tract
    • County
    Covers
    2018–2026
    Updates
    Annual, as of June 30
  • Call report financials

    Quarterly bank financials: assets, deposits, loans, capital, earnings, and problem assets.

    • Institution
    Covers
    2018 Q1 onward
    Updates
    Quarterly

Know before you cite

  • Deposits are attributed to the branch where they are booked, which is the basis for local market share.
  • Covers banks and savings institutions only; credit unions come from NCUA.

Credit Union Call Report Data

National Credit Union Administration · bulk file

  • Credit union financials and branches

    Quarterly credit union assets, shares and deposits, loans, members, and net worth; branch locations as of June each year and the latest quarter.

    • Institution
    • Branch
    • Tract
    • County
    Covers
    2018 Q1 onward
    Updates
    Quarterly

Know before you cite

  • NCUA does not report deposits per branch. Local credit-union deposits are estimated: all in its county for a single-county credit union, otherwise split evenly across its branches.
  • Credit unions count 0% in market concentration by default (the Federal Reserve’s standard screen), adjustable to 50% or 100%.

7(a) and 504 Loan Data

U.S. Small Business Administration · bulk file

  • SBA loan approvals by county

    Count and dollar amount of approved 7(a) and 504 loans, aggregated by project county and fiscal year.

    • County
    Covers
    FY2018 onward
    Updates
    Quarterly data extracts

Know before you cite

  • Amounts are gross approvals, including loans later cancelled, matching how SBA publishes totals.
  • About 1% of loans can’t be placed in a county; county sums are never presented as the national total.

National Risk Index

Federal Emergency Management Agency · bulk file

  • National Risk Index

    Composite natural-hazard risk, expected annual loss, social vulnerability, community resilience, and per-hazard scores.

    • County
    • Tract
    Covers
    Version 1.20 (December 2025)
    Updates
    Periodic versions

Know before you cite

  • One current version: FEMA recalculates every area with each release, so versions aren’t comparable over time. Earlier versions aren’t loaded.

Rural-Urban Commuting Area Codes

USDA Economic Research Service · bulk file

  • RUCA codes

    How urban or rural each census tract is, based on population density and commuting.

    • Tract
    Covers
    2020 release
    Updates
    After each decennial census

Know before you cite

  • Published once per decennial census. The 2020 codes are the current ones; the 2010 codes are on 2010 tracts and aren’t loaded.

Opportunity Zones

CDFI Fund, U.S. Department of the Treasury · bulk file

  • Designated Qualified Opportunity Zones

    Census tracts designated as Opportunity Zones.

    • Tract
    Covers
    2018 designations
    Updates
    By designation round

Know before you cite

  • Designations use 2010 census tracts; overlap with current (2020) tracts is derived by GISBanker from Census relationship files.
  • One designation round is in effect so far (2018); designations don’t change year to year.

TIGERweb

U.S. Census Bureau · queried live

Queried live
  • Boundary geometry

    Map boundaries for states, counties, places, tracts, and block groups, fetched by the browser when a map is drawn.

    • State
    • County
    • Place
    • Tract
    • Block group
    Covers
    Current boundaries
    Updates
    Current vintage

Know before you cite

  • Boundaries are simplified for display.

Census Geocoder

U.S. Census Bureau · API

Queried live
  • Coordinate and address lookup

    Places bank and credit-union branches in census tracts during ingestion.

    • Tract
    • County
    Covers
    Used during ingestion
    Updates
    Current vintage

Community Reinvestment Act Data

Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council · manual download

  • Small-business and small-farm lending, all banks combined

    Small-business and small-farm loans originated by reporting banks, by loan size and by borrower revenue, for each tract and county, plus each county’s lending split by FFIEC tract income level.

    • Tract
    • County
    Covers
    2018–2024 for counties; 2022–2024 for tracts
    Updates
    Annual, published late in the following year
  • Small-business and small-farm lending by bank

    Each reporting bank’s small-business and small-farm loans in each county, including how much went to low- and moderate-income tracts.

    • County
    Covers
    2018–2024
    Updates
    Annual, published late in the following year
  • Reporting banks

    The banks that filed CRA lending data each year, with their Federal Reserve ID, which links them to FDIC records.

    • Institution
    Covers
    2018–2024
    Updates
    Annual

Know before you cite

  • Only banks above an asset threshold that is adjusted every year (about $1.5 billion recently) report, so lending by smaller banks, credit unions, and online lenders is not included.
  • A small-business loan is a business loan of $1 million or less (small farm: $500,000 or less), whatever the borrower’s size; loans to businesses with revenue of $1 million or less are shown separately.

CDFI Fund Investment Areas

CDFI Fund, U.S. Department of the Treasury · bulk file

  • CDFI Program Investment Area eligibility

    Which census tracts the CDFI Fund counts as Investment Areas — places where CDFI financing counts toward its programs — and which tests each tract meets: poverty, income, unemployment, Empowerment Zones, county population loss.

    • Tract
    Covers
    2020 census tracts, from the 2016–2020 ACS (published January 2023)
    Updates
    When the CDFI Fund re-draws eligibility from a new ACS release (every few years)

Know before you cite

  • Eligibility uses the 2016–2020 ACS, older than the ACS figures elsewhere in GISBanker, so a tract's eligibility can disagree with its current poverty or income.
  • An organization can also qualify a Target Market by other means (for example a low-income population); this list covers geographic Investment Areas only. Certified CDFIs themselves aren't loaded.

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Data

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau · API

  • Mortgage applications and originations

    Home loan applications by outcome (originated, approved, denied, withdrawn, incomplete) and purpose (home purchase, refinancing, home improvement), with loan dollars, for each state and county.

    • State
    • County
    Covers
    2018–2025
    Updates
    Annual, published the following spring

Know before you cite

  • Summarized by state and county from the CFPB HMDA Data Browser; no loan-level records are stored.
  • Counts are applications (and loans bought from other lenders), not borrowers: one household can apply more than once.

Known data issues

Problems in the source data, and what GISBanker does about each.

  • Connecticut county figures before the switch to planning regions

    Shown as unavailable

    Affects: American Community Survey (5-year) (2019–2021); County Business Patterns (2017–2021); Bureau of Labor Statistics (2018–2023); Regional Economic Accounts (2018–2023); Community Reinvestment Act Data (2018–2023); Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Data (all years)

    In 2022 Connecticut's 8 counties were replaced by 9 planning regions with different borders. Sources kept reporting the old counties for a while: ACS before its 2022 release, County Business Patterns before 2022, BLS and BEA for 2018–2023, FFIEC CRA through 2023, and HMDA for every year (its API doesn't accept planning regions).

    What GISBanker does: Figures published for the old counties are not converted, because the borders don't line up; those years show as unavailable for Connecticut counties. Connecticut tracts are not affected (see the next item), and state totals are.

  • Connecticut tracts matched to planning-region codes

    Adjusted

    Affects: American Community Survey (5-year) (2020–2021); Community Reinvestment Act Data (2022–2023)

    Before the switch, Connecticut tracts carried their old county's code. Only that part of the code changed: every tract number appears before and after, so the tracts themselves are the same. ACS estimates for Connecticut tracts still shift more than other states' across the switch, likely because the survey's population controls moved from counties to planning regions.

    What GISBanker does: Earlier releases are matched to today's tracts by tract number (ACS 2020–2021, CRA 2022–2023). Five water tracts with no population can't be matched and are left out. Treat Connecticut tract changes that span 2022 with extra caution.

  • Suffolk County, NY's tract map changed in 2023

    Use with caution

    Affects: American Community Survey (5-year) (2020–2022); Community Reinvestment Act Data (2022–2024); National Risk Index (all years); Rural-Urban Commuting Area Codes (all years); Opportunity Zones (all years); CDFI Fund Investment Areas (all years)

    The Census Bureau revised Suffolk County's tracts in the 2023 ACS release, from 385 tracts to 371: 14 tracts (for example 1224.06 and 1460.01) were folded into neighbouring tracts. GISBanker's tract list follows the current ACS map, but sources built on the 2020 census keep the original 385 — FEMA's National Risk Index, USDA's rural-urban codes, Opportunity Zones, the CDFI Fund's Investment Areas — as do FFIEC's CRA files (checked through 2024).

    What GISBanker does: Figures for the 14 retired tracts can't be matched to today's tracts and aren't shown (ACS 2020–2022, CRA 2022–2024, and their FEMA risk, rural-urban and Opportunity Zone rows). For tracts that absorbed them, earlier ACS figures cover a smaller area, so change across 2022–2023 isn't comparable.

  • A Suffolk County, NY block group without its tract

    Not shown

    Affects: American Community Survey (5-year) (2024)

    The 2024 ACS block-group table includes block group 3 of tract 1460.01 (about 2,200 people), but the Bureau's tract table leaves that tract out.

    What GISBanker does: The block group isn't shown, rather than placing it under a tract with no data behind it.

  • Ulster County, NY tract 9544.01 missing from the 2023 release

    Shown as unavailable

    Affects: American Community Survey (5-year) (2023)

    The 2023 ACS release has no row for tract 9544.01, while its neighbour 9544.02 is published. The two tracts' figures also swing sharply between releases (9544.01: 3,707 people in 2022, 6,088 in 2024).

    What GISBanker does: Tract 9544.01 shows as unavailable for 2023; treat change over time for both tracts with caution.

  • Alaska: Chugach and Copper River before the Valdez-Cordova split

    Shown as unavailable

    Affects: American Community Survey (5-year) (2019); Community Reinvestment Act Data (2018–2021); Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Data (2018)

    In 2019 Alaska split the Valdez-Cordova Census Area into the Chugach and Copper River Census Areas. Sources kept reporting Valdez-Cordova for a while: the ACS 2019 release, FFIEC CRA through 2021, and HMDA for 2018.

    What GISBanker does: Valdez-Cordova figures can't be split between the two new areas, so those years show as unavailable for Chugach and Copper River.

  • HMDA dollar totals published as negative numbers

    Shown as unavailable

    Affects: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Data (2018–2019)

    In five places CFPB's HMDA data reports a negative dollar total for one kind of application — for example 342 withdrawn refinancing applications in Barnstable County, MA (2018) totalling −$845 million. Everything else for those areas is normal.

    What GISBanker does: The number of applications is kept; the dollar total for that one cell shows as unavailable. Affected: Barnstable and Worcester counties, MA; El Paso County, CO; East Baton Rouge Parish, LA; and Louisiana's state total.

  • CRA 2022: per-bank and all-bank figures come from different releases

    Use with caution

    Affects: Community Reinvestment Act Data (2022)

    FFIEC offers the 2022 all-banks file only in its original September 2023 release, while the per-bank file is the corrected January 2026 release. Added up, the banks' figures differ from the all-banks totals in 1,289 counties — 0.27% of small-business loans nationally.

    What GISBanker does: All-banks totals are FFIEC's published figures; bank-by-bank figures are the corrected ones. Don't read the small difference between them as anyone's lending.

  • CRA 2018–2020: per-bank figures don't quite add up to all-bank totals

    Use with caution

    Affects: Community Reinvestment Act Data (2018–2020)

    In FFIEC's own files for these years, the banks' figures added up differ slightly from the all-banks totals (0.01–0.08% of loans). Other years match county for county.

    What GISBanker does: Both are shown as published.

  • Tract data on 2010 boundaries

    Not shown

    Affects: American Community Survey (5-year) (2009–2019); Community Reinvestment Act Data (2018–2021)

    Tract and block-group data before the 2020 ACS release (and before CRA's 2022 activity year) uses 2010 tract boundaries, and some 2010 tract codes now name different areas.

    What GISBanker does: Those years aren't loaded for tracts and block groups; tract trends start with ACS 2020 and CRA 2022.